On the Strength of Trust: The Moderating Role of Certainty in Judgments of Authorities

Communication studies often measure trust in or credibility of message sources as if their effects on critical consequences such as behavior are uniform across individuals and contexts. Drawing on the literature of attitude strength, this paper argues that considering the certainty of trust judgments enables researchers to better understand when trust is likely to induce desired behavior such as cooperating with a judged authority. Using two studies in different contexts, one from a local environmental dispute and another from the national-level COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S., the current paper shows that communication practices (e.g., personal interaction, news media use, interpersonal discussion) reinforce people's certainty in their judgment of authorities. This certainty, in turn, interacts with the effect of trust such that trust judgments greater in certainty are more likely to lead to behavioral intentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Communication Research is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A Review of Micro-Based Systemic Risk Research from Multiple Perspectives.

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought about a heavy impact on the world economy, which arouses growing concerns about potential systemic risk, taking place in countries and regions. At this critical moment, it makes sense to interpret the systemic risk from the perspective of the financial crisis framework. By combing the latest research on systemic risks, we may arrive at some precautions relating to the current events. This literature review verifies the origin of systemic risk research. By comparing the retrieved and screened systemic literature with the relevant research on the financial crisis, more focus on the micro-foundations of systemic risk has been discovered. Besides, the measurement methods of systemic risks and the introduction of interdisciplinary methods have made the research in this field particularly active. This paper synthesizes the previous research conclusions to find the appropriate definition of systemic risk and combs the research literature of systemic risk from two lines: Firstly, conducting the division according to the sub-branch fields within the financial discipline and the relevant interdisciplinary research methods, which is helpful for scholars within and outside the discipline to have a more systematic understanding of the research in this field. Secondly predicting the research direction that can be expanded in this field.